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WILDLIFE HUNTING IN AFRICA:
A Working Bibliography on Bushmeat Commerce
Compiled by A. Rose, K. Ammann, J. Linder, & M. Conant
The Biosynergy Institute, Hermosa Beach, CA 90254
You are invited to use and contribute to our bibliography. Please describing the materials and how to access them. Ideas for expanding or modifying the topics are also welcome. This is an open collaborative effort -- every relevant input will be considered and included.
Section 4: CENTRAL AFRICAN WILDLIFE CONSERVATION
General Texts / Articles
Barnes, R. F. W., 1990, Forestation trends in tropical Africa, Afr. J. Ecol., 28: 161-73.
Bonner, R., 1993, At the Hand of Man: Peril and Hope for Africa’s Wildlife, New York, Vintage Books.
Colchester, M., 1993b, Slave and enclave: towards a political ecology of equatorial Africa, Paper presented to the IWGIA conference, Copenhagen, June 1-3.
Groves, C.P., 1993, Order Primates. Pp. 243-77, in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxanomic and Geographic Reference, Wilson, D.E., and Reeder, D.M. (eds)., second edition, Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press.
Robins, E., 1970, The Ebony Ark, Taplinger Publishing Company, New York.
Sayer, J., Harcourt, C.S., and Collins, N.M. (eds.), 1992, The Conservation Atlas of Tropical Forests: Africa, London, Macmillan.
Wolfheim, J.H., 1983, Primates of the World: Distribution, Abundance, and Conservation, Seattle, University of Washington Press.
Census, Status, and Plans
Adoun, C., 1992b, Place of the grasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus) in the animal kingdom and its geographical distribution, Proceedings of the First Conference on Grasscutter Production, Cotonou, Benin, pp. 35-40.
Assistou, N., 1990, Vue D’Ensemble des Ecosystemes Forestiers Naturels en Republique Populaire du Congo, Conferece Sur La Conservation et L’Utilisation Rationnelle de la Foret Dense D’Afrique Centrale et de L’Ouest.
Assistou, N., 1994 Societies Forestries Du Congo, Programme Afrique Centrale de I’UICN, unpublished.
Aveling, C. and Aveling, R, 1989, Gorilla conservation in Zaire, Oryx 23(2): 64.
Bahuchet, S. and De Maret, P., 1993, Situation des populations indigenes des forets denses humides, LACITO, Paris and ULB, Bruxelles.
Baillie, J. and Groombridge,B.(eds.), 1996, IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals, WCMC’s searchable Animal Database, http//www.iucn.org/themes/ssc/index.html.
Benirschke, K., 1986, Vanishing Animals, New York, Springer-Verlag.
Besong, J.B., New directions in national forestry policies -- Cameroon.
Blake, S., 1993, A reconnaissance survey in the Lkouala swamps of northern Congo and its implications for conservation, Master Thesis, University of Edinburgh.
Blom, A. et al., 1992, Primates in Gabon -- current status and distribution, Oryx, 26(4): 223-34.
Butynski, T. M.,1995, Status and conservation of Duikers on Bioko Island. Pp. 23-28 in Gnusletter, 14(2&3): 23-28.
Caro, T.M., 1986, The many paths to wildlife conservation in Africa, Oryx, 20: 221-229.
Carpaneto, G. and Germi, F., 1989, The mammals in the zoological culture of the Mbuti Pygmies in northeastern Zaire, Hystrix (n.s.), 1: 1-83.
Carroll, R., 1990, Regional conservation and development in the forests of Cameroon, Central African Republic, and Congo, The Natural Resource Management Newsletter, Washington D.C.
Central Intelligence Agency, 1995, World Fact Book, National Technical Information Service, Virginia.
Cleaver, K. et al., 1992, Conservation of West and Central African Rainforests. World Bank Environment Paper Number 1, The World Bank & IUCN, Washington.
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, 1973, Washington D.C.
Erhlich, P.R. and Erhlich, H.A., 1981, Extinction: The Causes and Consequences of the Disappearance of Species, New York, Random House.
Fay, M., 1993, A Survey of the Proposed Nouabale Ndoki National Park Conservation Area, Northern Congo, USAID / WCS / Gov't of Congo / World Bank / GTZ, Brazzaville.
Fay, J. M. and Agnagna, M., 1992, Census of gorillas in northern Republic of Congo, Am. J. Primatol., 27: 275-84.
Fuentes, A., 1996, Current status and future viability for the Mentawai Primates, Primate Conservation, in press. Fuentes, A. and Ray, E., 1996, Humans, habitat loss and hunting: the status of the Mentawai Primates on Sipora and the Pagai Islands, Asian Primates, 5(4).
Gadsby, E. L., 1990, The status and distribution of the Drill (Mandrillus leucophaeus) in Nigeria, A report focusing on hunters and hunting and their threat to remaining populations of drills and other forest primates in southeast Nigeria.
Gippoliti, S., Carpaneto, G.M., ____, The Conservation of African Primates: Status of the Art, Problems and Perspectives, ________.
Gippoliti, S., and Dell’Omo, G., 1995, Status and conservation of the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) in Guinea-Bissau, African Primates, 1(1): 3-5.
Gippoliti, S., and Dell’Omo, G., in press, Primates of the Cantanhez Forest and the Cacine Basin, Guinea Bissau (West Africa), Oryx
Harcourt, A. H. and Fossey, D., 1981, The Virunga gorillas: decline of an ‘island’ population, Afr. J. Ecol. 19: 83-97.
Harcourt, A.H. & Stewart, K.J., 1996, Is the gorilla a threatened species? How should we judge? Biological Conservation, 75: 165-176.
Hutchins, M., Paul, E. and Bowdoin, M., in press, Contributions of zoo and aquarium research to wildlife conservation and science, In Proceedings of the conference on the Well Being of Animals in Zoo and Aquarium Research, Greenbelt, Maryland, Scientist’s Center for Animal Welfare.
IUCN/UNEP/WWF, 1991, Caring for the Earth: A Strategy for Sustainable Living, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
Johns, A. D. and Skorupa J. P., 1987, Responses of rainforest primates to habitat disturbance: a review, Internat. J. Primatol., 8: 157-191.
Kemf, E., Wilson, A., 1997, Great Apes in the Wild: Species Status Report, Gland, WWF International.
Linear, M., 1973, The Conservation of Nature Through the Rational Exploitation of Wildlife Resources, Munich, Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung.
Martin, C., 1991, The Rainforests of West Africa; Ecology, Threats, Conservation, Birkhauser Verlag, Basel.
Mitani, M., 1990, A note on the present situation of the primate fauna found from southeastern Cameroon to northern Congo, Primates 31 (3): 625-634.
Mitani, M., 1991, Present situation of primate fauna found in northern Congo and in southeastern Cameroon in central Africa, Primatology Today, 43-46.
Mittermeirer, R.A., 1990, Primate diversity and the tropical rainforest. In Biodiveristy, Wilson, E.O. (ed.), Washington D.C, National Academy Press. Mittermeirer, R.A. and Cheney, D.L., 1987, Conservation of primates and their habitats. In Primate Societies, Smuts, B., et al. (eds.), Chicago, University of Chicago Press.
Moore, J. J., 1984, Chimpanzee survey in the Republic of Mali, Primate Conservation, 6: 59-63.
Mordi, A.R., 1989, The future of animal wildlife and its habitat in Botswana, Environmental Conservation, 16(2): 147-56, 4 figs and 2 tables. Oates, J.F., 1986, Action plan for African primates conservation 1986-1990, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
Oates, J.F., 1994, Africa’s primate in 1992: conservation issues and options, American Journal of Primatology, 34: 61-71.
Oates, J.F., 1996, African Primates: Status Survey & Action Plan (Revised), IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
Oates, J. F., Whitesides, G. H., Davies, A. G., et al., 1990, Determinants of variation in tropical forest primate biomass: new evidence from West Africa, Ecology, 71: 328-43.
Pollock, N. C., 1974, Animals, Environment and Man in Africa, Saxon House.
Ramberg, L., 1992, Wildlife conservation or utilization: new approaches in Africa, Ambio, 21(6): 438-9.
Stevenson, M. and Baker, A., 1992, Conservation assessment and management plans for primates, first edition, IUCN/SSC Captive Breeding Specialist Groups and IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group.
Strum, S. E.,1996, Major challenges to non-human primate conservation. Talk at conference on Primate Conservation in the 21st Century, So. California Primate Research Forum, Univ. Ca. Fullerton.
Tutin, C.E.G., 1994, Inventaire et recensement des petits primates diurnes, Reserve de la Lope, Gabon, Rapport preliminaire ECOFAC.
Tutin, C. E. G, 1994b, Assessment of the Possibility of the Reintroduction of Chimpanzees in the Conkouati Faunal Reserve, Congo, Project Conkouati, IUCN/GEF.
Tutin, C.E.G. and Fernandez, M., 1984, Nationwide census of gorilla (Gorilla g. gorilla) and chimpanzee (Pan t. troglodytes) populations in Gabon, American Journal of Primatology, 6: 313-36.
Whitesides, G. H., 1981, Community ecology and interspecific associations of the nonhuman primates of the Douala-Edea Forest Reserve, MA thesis, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
Wildlife Conservation Society, 1996, The Lobeke Forest, Southeast Cameroon: Summary of activities 1988-1995.
Wilson, V.J., 1987, Pan African Decade of Duiker Research (1985-1994) and action plan for duiker conservation, Bulawayo, Chipangali Wildlife Trust.
World Watch Institute, 1987-95, State of the World Reports: (1987) Gross World Product - $13.1trillion/1986, p. 5.
Yadji, B., 1996, A new dynamic for conservation of wildlife resources. Talk at Conference on The Impact of Forest Exploitation on Wildlife, Bertoua, Cameroon.
Case Studies on Conserving Large Mammals, Pages 36-113.
Congo Basin: Sustainable Forest Management and Biodiversity Conserv. Sector Strategy Study.
Community Based Projects and Principles
Adeola, M. O., 1992, Importance of wild animals and their parts in the culture, religious festivals, and traditional medicine of Nigeria, Environmental Conservation, 19(2): 125-134.
Bahuchet, S., 1985, Les pygmies Aka et la foret Centrafricaine: ethnologie ecolgique, SELAF, Paris, France.
Bell, R.H.V., 1987, Conservation with a human face: conflict and reconciliation in African land-use planning. Pp. 79-102 in Conservation in Africa: People, policies, and practices, Anderson, D. and Groves, R. (eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, UK.
Berry, J.W., van de Koppel, J.M.H., et al., 1986, On the Edge of the Forest: Cultural Adaptation and Cognitive Development in Central Africa, Swets North America Inc., 1986.
Child, G., 1988, Economic incentives and improved wildlife conservation in Zimbabwe. Paper presented at Workshop on Economics, IUCN General Assembly, 4-5th February, Costa Rica.
Emerson, R.M., Fretz, R.I. and Shaw, L.L., 1995, Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes, Chicago, The University of Chicago Press.
Fraser, D., 1927, Through the Congo Basin, London, Herbert Jenkins Limited.
Froment et al., 1996, Bien manger et bien vivre. Anthropologie alimentaire et developpement en Afrique interlopicale du biologique an social, Orstom Harmattan, Paris.
Gray, G.G., 1993, Wildlife and People: The Human Dimensions of Wildlife Ecology, Chicago, The University of Illinois Press.
Guillaume, G.M.D. and Bederman, S.H., 1967, Subsistence Activity in Five Villages on and Around Mount Cameroon in Victoria Division, West Cameroon, School of Arts and Sciences Research Papers, Georgia State College, Research Paper Number 14.
Hilton-Simpson, M.W., 1911, Land and Peoples of the Kasai, London, Constable and Company.
Johnson, M., 1932, Congorilla: adventures with pygmies and gorillas in Africa.
Kummer, H., 1995, In Quest of the Sacred Baboon, Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton U. Press.
Lahm, S. A., 1993. Ecology and economics of human/wildlife interaction in northeastern Gabon, Ph.D thesis, New York University.
Lagerberg, C.S.I.J. and Wilms, G.J., 1974, Profile of a Commercial Town in West Cameroon: Research findings of a socio-anthropological inquire in Kumba, The Netherlands, Tilburg University Press.
Marks, S. A., 1984, The Imperial Lion: Human Dimensions of Wildlife Management in Central Africa, Colorado, Westview Press.
Martin, R.B., 1991, Integrating the needs of local people into the design of conservation and wildlife management: the CAMPFIRE Program in Zimbabwe, Guest lecture, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, pp. 11.
McNeely, J.A. and Pitt, D. (eds.), 1985, Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning, London, England, Croom Helm Ltd.
Ministere des Affaires Sociales et de la Condition Feminine, 1989/1990, Synopsis of project for the socio-economic integration of the Baka/Bakola peoples, Yaounde.
Mitchell, J. and Slim, H., Listening to rural people in Africa: the semi-structured interview in rapid rural appraisal, Disasters, 15 (1): 68-72.
Ndiaye, S.M. et al., 1994, Farmer’s perceptions of resource problems and adoption of conservation practices in a densely populated area, Agriculture and Ecosystems, 48: 35-47.
Ngoufo, R., and Temgoua, A., 1997, Wildlife in Cameroon: some socio-ethnic and anthropological considerations, Cameroon Environmental Watch.
Owens, D. and Owens, M., 1992, The Eye of the Elephant: An Epic Adventure in the African Wildernes, Boston, Houghton Mifflin Company.
Prince William of Sweden, 1921, Among Pygmies and Gorillas, New York, E.P. Dutton and Company.
Ramberg, L., 1993, African communities in conservation: a humanistic perspective, Revue de Zoologie Africaine, 107: 5-18.
Sarno, L., 1993, Song from the Forest: My Life among the Ba-Benjelle Pygmies, New York, Penguin.
Schweitzer, A., 1953, On the Edge of the Primeval Forest, London, Adam and Charles Black.
Stewart, K., 1996, Ground-level conservation -- the state of the gorilla nation. Talk at conference on Primate Conservation in the 21st Century, So. Cal. Primate Research Forum, Univ. Cal. Fullerton.
Van Maanen, J., 1988, Tales of the Field: On Writing Ethnography, Chicago, The University of Chicago Press.
Western, D., Wright, M.R., and Strum, S.C. (eds.), 1994, Natural Connections: Perspectives in Community-Based Conservation. Washington, Island Press..
Logging Impacts on Wildlife
Bailey, R., Bahuchet, S., and Hewlett, B., undated paper, Development in central African rainforest: concern for forest peoples, 3.
Besong, J. B., New directions in national forestry policies -- Cameroon, ___:36- 39.
Cameroon Ministry of Environment and Forests (MINEF), 1996, Proceedings and Recommendations of the Conference on The Impact of Forest Exploitation on Wildlife, Bertoua, Cameroon.
Colchester, M, 1993, Congo Bingo, BBC Wildlife, February: 60.
Durning, A. T.,1994, Redesigning the forest economy. Pp. 22-40 in State of the World, Brown, L. et al. (eds.), New York, Norton.
Gartlan, S., 1990, Practical constraints on sustainable logging in Cameroon, paper presented at the Abidjan conference on Forest Conservation in West and Central Africa.
Horta, K., ____, Logging in the Congo: Massive Fraud threatens the Forests. World Rainforest Report 24.
Horta, K., 1991, The last big rush for the green gold: the plundering of Cameroon’s Rainforests, The Ecologist, 21(3): 142-47.
Johns A. D., 1992, Vertebrate responses to selective logging: implications for the design of logging systems, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B, 335: 437-42.
Martin, C. and Asibey, E. O. A., 1979, Effect of timber exploitation on primate population and distribution in the Bia rain forest area of Ghana. Paper presented at the 7th Congress of the International Primatological Society, Bangalore, India.
Official Journal of the European Communities, Feb. 1994, No. C32/21, Subject: Tropical Timber Industry.
Redford, K. H., 1992, The empty forest, BioScience, 42: 412- 22.
White, L. J. T., 1992, Vegetation history and logging disturbance: effects on rain forest mammals in the Lope Reserve, Gabon (with special emphasis on elephants and apes). PhD thesis, University of Edinburgh, Scotland.
Wilkie, D. S., 1990, Logging in the Congo: implications for Zaire’s foragers. Paper presented at the 89th Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Association, New Orleans..
Wildlife Values / Education
Cavalieri, P. and Singer, P. (eds.), 1993, The Great Ape Project: Equality Beyond Humanity, New York, St. Martin’s Press.
Conant, M., 1997, Local Attitudes and Beliefs in Relation to Primates and the Bushmeat Trade in Limbe, Cameroon: A Pilot Study in Values Assessment, Proposal for Yale University, School of Forestry and Environmental Studies (unpubl. ms.).
Decker, D.J. and Goff, G.R. (eds), 1987, Valuing Wildlife: Economic and Social Perspectives, Boulder, Co., Westview Press.
Decker, D.J., 1990, Wildlife management -- for whom and for what? Wildlife managers’ use of social values indicators, Trans. 19th IUGB Congress, Trondheim, 713-721.
Falconer, J., 1991, The major significance of minor forest products. The local use and value of the forests in the West African humid forest zone.
Foster, J. W. 1992, Mountain gorilla conservation: a study in human values, Journal of the American Veterinarian Medical Association 200(5): 629.
Happold, D.C.C., 1995, The interactions between humans and mammals in Africa in relation to conservation: a review, Biodiversity and Conservation, 4:395-414.
Jeanrenaud, S., 1991, A study of forest use, agricultural practices and perceptions of the rain forest. Rtinde rain forest, south west Cameroon, The conservation development interface for ODA.
Kellert, S.R., 1980, Contemporary values of wildlife in American society. Pp. 31-60 in Wildlife Values, Shaw, W.W. and Zube, E.H. (eds.), Center for Assessment of Non-commodity Nat. Resour. Values, Inst. Ser. Rep. No. 1, Univ. Arizona, Tucson.
Kellert, S.R., 1993, The biological basis for human values of nature. Pp. 42-47 in The Biophilia Hypothesis, Kellert, S.R. and Wilson, E.O. (eds.), Washington D.C., Island Press.
Kellert, S.R., 1996, The Value of Life: Biological Diversity and Human Society, Washington D.C., Island Press.
Kellert, S.R., unpublished, Attitude scales and scoring.
Kellert, S.R. and Wilson, E.O., 1993, The Biophilia Hypothesis, Washington D.C., Island Press.
Lewis, D. and Carter, K. (eds.), 1993, Voices from Africa: Local Perspectives on Conservation, World Wildlife Fund, Washington D.C.
Masson, J.F. and McCarthy, S., 1995, When Elephants Weep: The Emotional Lives of Animals, New York, Delacorte Press.
Midgley, M., 1978, Beast and Man: The Roots of Human Nature, New York, Routledge.
Mordi, R., 1991, Attitudes toward wildlife in Botswana, New York, Garland.
Peterson, D. and Goodall, J., 1993, Visions of Caliban: On Chimpanzee and People, Boston, Houghton Mifflin Company.
Prescott-Allen, R. and Prescott-Allen, C., 1982, What’s Wildlife Worth? London, England, UK, Earthscan Publications, IIED.
Rollin, B., 1993, The ascent of apes -- broadening the moral community. In The Great Ape Project, Cavalieri, P. and Singer, P. (eds.), New York, St. Martin's Press.
Rose, A. L.,1994, Description and analysis of profound interspecies events. Abstract in Proceedings of the XVth Congress of International Primatological Society, Bali, Indonesia.
Rose, A. L., 1995a, Epiphanies in ethology effect the ethos of conservation. Abstract in Proceedings of the International Ethological Conference, Honolulu.
Rose, A. L., 1995b, Science, nature, and the urban primate. Paper presented at the Southern California Academy of Sciences, Cal. State Fullerton.
Rose, A. L., 1996f, Epiphanies with animals and nature transform the human weltbildapparatur. Abstract in Proceedings of Symposium on Human-Animal Interaction, International Society of Comparative Psychology, Montreal.
Rose, A. L., 1996g, Breaking the Silence: Enhancing the use of personal experience in primatology. Abstract in Proceedings of Joint Congress of International Primatological Society and American Society of Primatologists, Madison.
Rose, A. L., 1996h, Natural epiphanies and the practice of conservation. Paper and workshop at the Durrell Institue of Conservation and Ecology, University of Kent, Canterbury.
Rose, A. L.,1996i, The importance of primates: An American perspective. Talk at MINEF's Conference on Forest Exploitation Impact on Wildlife, Bertoua, Cameroon.
Rose, A.L.,1996j, Orangutans, science and collective reality. Pp. 29-40 in The Neglected Ape, Nadler et al. (eds.), New York, Plenum Press.
Rose, A.L., 1997, On Tortoises, Monkeys, and Men, in Intimate Relationships: Embracing the Natural World, Tobias, M. and Solisti, K. (eds.), Berlin, Kosmos, (in Press).
Rose, A. L. & Auw, A., 1974, Growing Up Human, New York, Harper & Row.
Shaw, W.W. and Zube, E.H. (eds.), 1980, Wildlife Values, Center for Assessment of Non-commodity Nat. Resour. Values, Inst. Ser. Rep. No. 1, Univ. Arizona, Tucson.
Soulé, M. E. (1993) Biophilia : unanswered questions. Pp. 441-455 in, The
Biophilia Hypothesis, Kellert, S.R., and Wilson, E.O. (eds.), Washington
D.C., Island Press.
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